Corrected: An earlier version of this article misspelled Elizabeth Allan鈥檚 name.
When students return to school, their day-to-day experiences will be dictated by social-distancing rules and recommendations from public health authorities. Long-established routines of how they learn and socialize will have to change.
91制片厂视频 Week spoke to more than a dozen experts, including public health officials, education leaders, and superintendents, to discuss how students鈥� daily lives may look in this new reality.
Avoid the morning rush.
The minutes before the first bell when students stream, en masse, through the main entrance will slow to more of a trickle.
> Ideas to make it work: Assign students to use different entrances. Stagger drop-off processes, so students don鈥檛 arrive all at once. Put tape marks on the floor where students will need to line up to indicate social distancing.
Ditch the lockers.
Health officials have recommended against letting students store items in lockers鈥攅specially if they share a locker with a classmate.
> Ideas to make it work: Some districts, , may put as many textbooks as possible online, so lockers won鈥檛 be needed.
District and school leaders are confronting difficult, high-stakes decisions as they plan for how to reopen schools amid a global pandemic. Through eight installments, 91制片厂视频 Week journalists explore the big challenges education leaders must address, including running a socially distanced school, rethinking how to get students to and from school, and making up for learning losses. We present a broad spectrum of options endorsed by public health officials, explain strategies that some districts will adopt, and provide estimated costs.
Rearrange classrooms.
Six feet. That鈥檚 the starting point for planning every space in the school. For classrooms, that means six feet of distance between desks and turning desks to face the same directionending, at least for the time being, the established practice of desks clustered together in groups, fostering student collaboration. This will be difficult to pull off in already-crowded classrooms.
> Ideas to make it work: Consider every space in your building, indoor and outdoor. Repurpose larger rooms, like the library or the auditorium, into additional classrooms. Ask teachers to pare down extra furniture and other items in their classrooms鈥攍ike bookshelves, rugs, and comfortable seating鈥攖o accommodate more students. Schools might also consider separating students鈥� desks with partitions to create a physical barrier.
Minimize movement.
Students might spend their entire day in the same classroom, with teachers moving from room to room.
> Ideas to make it work: Hold some elective courses online and prioritize core classes during in-person instruction.
Pay special attention to the most vulnerable students.
Know which students lost the most ground in their learning and struggled most in prolonged closures when only remote learning could be provided and make specific plans to support them.
> Ideas to make it work: If some virtual learning must continue as school buildings begin to reopen, students with disabilities, English-language learners, and students who don鈥檛 have reliable access to online learning should receive priority to be in schools every day.
Banish shared school supplies.
Teachers will need to devise a new system of school supply distribution to adhere to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention鈥檚 recommendation to minimize the sharing of high-touch materials. This will require the most rethinking in the early grades where there鈥檚 typically a communal supply of pencils, crayons, markers, and other materials.
> Ideas to make it work: Teachers can assign supplies to a single child or allow one group of children to use the supplies at a time, disinfecting between every use. Schools with enough resources can purchase and provide the extra supplies to avoid issues of inequity for students whose families can鈥檛 afford to buy the materials.
Provide alternatives to science labs and other hands-on instruction.
Typically, students share equipment during laboratory experiments and work in close quarters, which can pose a safety risk.
> Ideas to make it work: National Science Teaching Association President Elizabeth Allan said teachers will have to consider alternatives to in-person experiments, including virtual reality and simulations, solo demonstrations by the teacher, and asking students to do some experiments at home. However, teachers must consider whether their students have the resources and support to safely perform any parts of the lab at home. Teachers might also have to pare down their curriculum to teach only the standards and avoid any 鈥渆xtras.鈥�
Serve lunch in classrooms.
The CDC recommends that schools serve meals in classrooms instead of the cafeteria, while taking precautions to ensure the safety of children with food allergies.
> Ideas to make it work: Individually packaged meals can be provided instead of having serving lines that require students to congregate in close quarters and share serving utensils.
Reorganize recess.
Students will likely go to recess in staggered shifts, so there aren鈥檛 too many children outside at once.
> Ideas to make it work: Some school leaders are considering assigning small clusters of playmates, so students only play with the same children each day. The CDC suggests that schools keep playgrounds closed, but if that鈥檚 not possible, it recommends that schools stagger the use of the playground equipment and disinfect it in between uses. Students will need to wash or sanitize their hands before coming back inside.
Limit or pause extracurricular activities.
The CDC has recommended that schools cancel all extracurricular activities in the first phase of reopening, and then limit activities to those that can be done while maintaining social distancing.
> Ideas to make it work:
For sports, the National Federation of State High School Associations, which writes the rules of competition for most high school athletics, . The group based the three phases in its guidelines on the White House鈥檚 reopening plan, which relaxes restrictions as the local rate of infection declines.
- In the first phase, locker rooms should be closed, workouts should be conducted in pods, with the same five to 10 students always working out together, and students should avoid sharing balls during workouts. In the second phase, students should keep working out in pods, locker rooms can reopen if social distancing is maintained, and practices and competitions for lower-risk sports can resume, as can moderate-risk sports practices with some modifications. In phase three, there can be gatherings of up to 50 people both outdoors and indoors, competitions for moderate-risk sports can begin, and high-risk sports practices can begin with some modifications. In all phases, increased hygiene and sanitation measures will be critical. Student-athletes should wear face coverings in phase one and two, except during swimming, distance running, or other high-intensity aerobic activities.
- Lower-risk sports include cross country (with staggered starts), golf, weightlifting, and sideline cheerleading. Moderate-risk sports include basketball, volleyball, baseball, soccer, gymnastics, tennis, girls鈥� lacrosse, and seven-on-seven, non-contact football. High-risk sports include wrestling, football, boys鈥� lacrosse, and competitive cheerleading.
- For choir, students will have to engage in social distancing while singing. They should all be facing the same direction, spaced six feet apart, and be wearing masks. The Missouri Music Educators Association has recommended that conductors face the chorus 10 to 20 feet away from the first row of singers. Schools could consider installing a plexiglass shield in front of conductors or require them to wear goggles.
- For band, students must use the same instrument for the entirety of the rehearsal, and those instruments should be properly cleaned and sanitized after every use. There could also be limitations on which instruments are safe to use. The Missouri Music Educators Association has said careful consideration should be given to teaching the flute, and the Taipei American School has restricted the use of brass and wind instruments.
- For theatre performances, students might have to put on their shows in an empty room, if they鈥檙e allowed to perform at all. At the Taipei American School, for instance, students performed 鈥淭he Little Mermaid鈥� in full costumes and masks with nobody in the audience. The performance was filmed so parents could watch at home.
