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Though advocacy by education companies can mean donating to candidates, hiring lobbyists, and getting deeply involved in the political process, some industry players say it鈥檚 often more about simply educating policymakers on new options in a digital age.

Ed-tech companies, in particular, say they grapple with laws and regulations that don鈥檛 allow for new educational tools that didn鈥檛 exist when those rules were adopted, or must deal with legislators with a limited understanding of what new technologies can do to improve teaching and learning.

鈥淭his is a new dynamic, and it鈥檚 different,鈥� said Michael B. Horn, a co-founder of the . 鈥淚t鈥檚 another constituency group with interests that sometimes do align with [traditional educational interests] and sometimes don鈥檛 align in different ways.鈥� The San Mateo, Calif.-based institute, which conducts research on education and health care, is a proponent of virtual learning and other new approaches in education.

Updating Procedures

Given such a dynamic, advocacy often begins with education, said Scott Kinney, a senior vice president for , based in Silver Spring, Md. In 2009, when Discovery 91制片厂视频 launched its digital , the for-profit company found some states unsure of or even resistant to the idea that a digital textbook could be considered as part of the textbook-evaluation process.

Though the company doesn鈥檛 employ lobbyists, 鈥渨e advocate constantly,鈥� Mr. Scott said.

鈥淎 lot of people have asked me, 鈥楬ow did you get around this?鈥� or 鈥榃hat lobbying have you done to change this law?鈥� 鈥� he said. 鈥淲e try to work collaboratively to overcome obstacles.鈥� That鈥檚 what happened in Oregon, said Drew Hinds, an education specialist with the Oregon education department.

Mr. Hinds said Oregon made it clear that it could not create a separate system for evaluating digital textbooks, and that Discovery would have to go through the traditional process. It took some explaining by Discovery to determine whether that would be possible, he said.

Over time, the textbook-evaluation process in Oregon has made nods to the digital-textbook side, providing digital devices for teacher reviewers to allow them to evaluate the e-textbooks, and this year, for the first time, incorporating a form to detail the media format for the design of digital materials.

Previously, Discovery had to fill out a form that asked the company to provide irrelevant information about such factors as the weight of paper in its books or the type of glue used to hold them together, Mr. Hinds said. 鈥淭here have been some procedural changes we had to make to the process,鈥� he said.

Jane Swift, a former governor of Massachusetts and the chief operating officer for , which sells online language courses, said business can play a significant role 鈥渋n being one of the catalysts for our very successful education reform movement.鈥�

Middlebury Interactive鈥攁 for-profit joint venture between Vermont-based Middlebury College and K12 Inc., an online learning company based in Herndon, Va.鈥攁nnounced in January a $2.6 million initiative with the Vermont education department to provide 30 of the state鈥檚 schools discounted, unlimited access to the company鈥檚 Web-based language classes.

Ms. Swift said it鈥檚 reasonable for groups鈥攚hether they are private companies or public agencies鈥攖o disagree on policy and to hash that out in a public forum. But, she said, 鈥渢he demonization of folks who participate in the political process is so far from the reality that I鈥檝e experienced that it鈥檚 distressing.鈥�