Environmental-literacy advocates are welcoming the launch of the federal Green Ribbon Schools program, suggesting it will help build on momentum they say is already evident for fostering across schools a deeper awareness and understanding of environmental issues.
Just days after the U.S. Department of 91制片厂视频 criteria for the new competition late last month, a districtwide environmental-literacy initiative was for public schools in Virginia Beach, Va., that involves outside partners, including the Chesapeake Bay Foundation. Meanwhile, experts say states are working on or have recently devised plans for environmental literacy.
Maryland in June adopted what鈥檚 believed to be a one-of-a-kind state graduation requirement related to environmental literacy. Under the mandate, all students must learn about environmental issues to graduate, with the focus on infusing the subject into existing courses rather than a separate class.
The federal awards program, inspired by the longtime recognition initiative, will identify up to 50 schools next year that have done exemplary work in promoting environmental and sustainability education; healthy school environments; and energy efficiency and minimal environmental impact.
The program, which over five years will expand to recognize 200 schools annually, was developed by the 91制片厂视频 Department with support and advice from the and the . In the first year, each state can nominate up to four schools for an award. Final decisions will be made by the 91制片厂视频 Department with help from the EPA.
鈥淲e see it as an important, symbolic first step for the U.S. Department of 91制片厂视频 to recognize the importance of environmental education,鈥� as well as sound environmental practices in schools, said Don Baugh, the vice president of education at the Chesapeake Bay Foundation, a conservation organization based in Annapolis, Md.
鈥淔irst and foremost, it brings for the first time the federal government into the 鈥榞reen schools鈥� movement, with a vision of green schools that is a comprehensive one,鈥� said James L. Elder, the director of the nonprofit Campaign for Environmental Literacy, based in Manchester, Mass., who played a central role in promoting the idea of a Green Ribbon Schools program.
Unacceptable Role?
Not everyone, however, thinks the federal government should identify 鈥済reen鈥� schools. When the Obama administration in April first announced its plans, the move sparked criticism by some conservative bloggers and radio host Rush Limbaugh, who suggested it was aimed at 鈥渋ndoctrinating鈥� young people based on a 鈥渉oax鈥� about global warming.
Neal P. McCluskey, an education analyst at the Cato Institute, a Washington-based free-market think tank, said he has several objections, including language in the criteria saying the federal government will base awards in part on how schools promote 鈥渃ivic engagement knowledge and skills鈥� related to environmental issues.
That, he said, sounds like 鈥渢he goal of this program is to mold little environmental activists, ... and that is not an acceptable role of government.鈥�
鈥楢 Teacher Here, a School There鈥�
Last week, the Virginia Beach Systemic Environmental Literacy Program was launched at Long Bay Pointe Marina in the oceanside city. As part of the day鈥檚 activities, a group of high school biology students took to the water on a 50-foot vessel for a field investigation. They helped catch fish and other sea life while learning more about the animals and the local ecosystem.
Supported by a $120,000 grant from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, along with $55,000 from CSX Transportation, the effort aims to provide hands-on Chesapeake Bay field experiences and classroom activities that will be embedded in the curriculum for 6th grade science classes in the 70,000-student Virginia Beach district, and in biology and oceanography courses.
鈥淢ost environmental education around the country has been with a teacher here or a school there,鈥� said the Chesapeake Bay Foundation鈥檚 Mr. Baugh. 鈥淪o that鈥檚 really the difference here, and why we call it systemic.鈥�
鈥淚t鈥檚 really understanding more about our natural resources and how we can protect the watershed,鈥� said Todd Tarkenton, the district鈥檚 director of instructional services. 鈥淵ou can read about it and hear about it, but to experience it has an even greater lasting impact.鈥�
California officials, as part of a public-private partnership, unveiled in December a model environmental curriculum that aims to help schools statewide thread environmental topics throughout the curriculum.
鈥淩ight now, it鈥檚 being promoted and disseminated around the state, and so they鈥檝e started with 20 early-adopter school districts,鈥� said Gerald A. Lieberman, the director of the San Diego-based State Environment and 91制片厂视频 Roundtable, who helped develop the materials.
The vast online collection of materials includes 85 curricular units, he said, as well as related support materials. The key to the California materials, Mr. Lieberman said, is that they are not designed as an add-on but rather to help students meet existing state standards in science and social studies.
One unit in the curriculum drew criticism earlier this year, however, amid questions about whether a lobbying group for the plastics industry unduly influenced the materials to include information on the benefits of plastic shopping bags.
Still, several experts on environmental literacy see these programs and other developments as signs that environmental education is making important inroads.
One other such development is that many states are producing environmental-literacy plans. Washington state and Rhode Island issued plans this summer.
Mr. Elder of the Campaign for Environmental Literacy said that is significant, but he cautioned: 鈥淎t the end of the day, it will be the quality of the plans that makes the difference, and what they do with them, and how seriously they are taken.鈥�
